Heart Disease in Young Adults

In the contemporary landscape, an alarming surge in heart disease among the younger population has emerged as a pressing concern demanding immediate attention. This blog “Heart Disease in Young Adults” endeavours to dissect the intricate facets of heart disease pathogenesis in youth, shedding light on influential factors such as tobacco addiction, family history, early diabetes, sedentary lifestyles, and emerging concerns related to nutritional supplements and bodybuilding hormones.

Pathogenesis:

The pathogenesis of heart disease entails the development of conditions like atherosclerosis, where fatty deposits accumulate in arteries, leading to plaque formation. Plaque rupture can precipitate blood clots, diminishing blood flow and potentially causing a heart attack.

Factors such as hypertension, genetic predisposition, diabetes, and inflammatory conditions contribute to the development of heart diseases. Lifestyle choices, including smoking, poor diet, and lack of exercise, also play a significant role.

Causes of Developing Cholesterol Blocks:

• Tobacco addiction – prevalent in our community
• Family history of CAD
• Early diabetes
• Sedentary lifestyle
• Drugs/hormones
• Emerging issues with the use of nutritional supplements or bodybuilding hormones
• Tobacco Addiction – A Major Concern:
• Tobacco chewing/smoking, traditionally recognized as the most common risk factor for heart disease, is increasingly prevalent in young adults.

Family History CAD:

While a small subset, a crucial group with a history of multiple first-degree relatives having CAD or sudden cardiac death should be kept in mind. Early evaluation through non-invasive methods and, if required, coronary angiography is essential.

Diabetes & Lifestyle Related:

Many patients exhibit a recent onset of diabetes, coupled with stressful jobs, limited physical activity, and poor diet. This combination is an increasing group of young CAD patients with a negative family history. Recreational drugs, anabolic steroids, and untrusted health supplements can contribute to premature heart problems and elevated cholesterol

Issues in Dealing with Young CAD:

• Low degree of suspicion, often considered as gastritis or non-cardiac chest pain, leading to delayed diagnosis and treatment.
• Denial from patients or relatives, resulting in delayed treatment.
• High complication rates in acute MI scenarios due to a lack of collateral circulation in young patients.

What a Common Man Can Do?

Adopt a healthy lifestyle – a good diet and moderate exercise, with no addiction, especially tobacco in any form.

Undergo preventive health check-ups, at least after the age of 40 and earlier if there are symptoms or a family history of heart problems among first-degree relatives.

Most Important – What Is to Be Avoided?

• Don't get scared by social media news.
• Avoid panic.
• Steer clear of avoidable stress.
• Monitor screen time, especially if it disrupts your sleep.
• Say no to tobacco in any form.
• Avoid unnecessary health supplements.
• Refrain from non-scientific ways of management.
• Stop comparing other's illnesses with yours – each body and illness is unique.
• Trust your doctor or consult the one you trust. Avoid experimenting with your body; it's risky.

Conclusion:

Understanding the causes and adopting preventive measures empower individuals to take charge of their heart health, making informed choices for a healthier and happier life.

Author’s:

Dr. Kinjal Kotak, MD in Pathology from PDU Medical College, Rajkot, she serves as the Head and Consultant Pathologist at Sterling Accuris, Rajkot, and former senior resident at Sir Gangaram Hospital, Delhi, brings 12 years of dedicated pathology experience. Contributing to the advancement of diagnostic healthcare.